Axis
The axis is the second cervical vertebra.
For the Fincastle Project, Bone Unit 19 was added.
BU 1
SC A
Complete element.
BU 5
SC B
Element complete except that all or several of the following areas – the dorsal crest of the spinous process, the ventral edges of the anterior articular process, and the ventral spine – reflect evidence of light to moderate crushing.
BU 9
SC C
Element complete except one or both transverse processes are damaged or absent. (DS)
BU 12
SC D
Element with spinous process, vertebral spine and/or transverse process damaged by crushing. Rest of element complete. (DS)
BU 4
SC E
Element complete except for dorsal portion of spinous process which has been removed, probably by crushing.
BU 14
SC F
Element with spinous process and/or both transverse processes completely or partially removed.
BU 3
SC G
Consists of complete body, dens and anterior articular process. Posterior articular processes, arch and spinous process removed. A portion of the body may evidence some crushing.
BU 2
SC H
Consists of complete or almost complete dens; complete or almost complete anterior articular process; and none to ½ of the body of the axis.
BU 7
SC I
Complete or fragmented of dens detached from rest of element. (DS)
BU 13
SC J
Piece of anterior articular process.
BU 6
SC K
All or most of spinous process detached from rest of element. Posterior articular processes not represented. (EMA)
BU 15
SC L
Unit consists of the base of the spinous process and both posterior articular processes. Similar to BU 8, but with both articular processes. (TVH)
BU 8
SC M
Complete or portion of either left or right posterior articular process. Similar to BU 15. (DS)
BU 10
SC N
Portion of transverse process identifiable by distinctive shape. (DS)
BU 16
SC O
Unit consists of a small fragment of the ventral surface, including parts of the ventral spine. (WU)
BU 11
SC P
Fragment of posterior articular surface (for articulation with C3 vertebrae). (DS)
BU 17
SC Q
Fragmented section of the body including some portion of the dens and posterior articular surface.
BU 18
SC R
Posterior body complete, missing the dens and the spinous process. Vertebral arch may or may not be present.
BU 19
SC S
Fragment of spinous process characterized by shape and muscular attachments present. (SB)